ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in border closures in many countries and a sharp reduction in overall international mobility. However, this disruption of legal pathways to migration has raised concerns that potential migrants may turn to irregular migration routes as a substitute. We examine how the pandemic has changed intentions to migrate from The Gambia, the country with the highest pre-pandemic per-capita irregular migration rates in Africa. We use a large-scale survey conducted in 2019 and 2020 to ask about changes in intentions to migrate to Europe and to neighbouring Senegal. We find that youth say that the pandemic has reduced the intention to migrate to both destinations, with approximately one-third of young males expressing less intention to migrate. The largest reductions in migration intentions are for individuals who were unsure of their intent pre-pandemic and for poorer individuals who are no longer able to afford the costs of migrating at a time when these costs have increased and their remittance income has fallen. Nevertheless, despite these decreases in intentions, the overall desire to migrate the backway to Europe remains high, highlighting the need for legal migration pathways to support migrants and divert them from the risks of backway migration.
ABSTRACT
Mental health is on the agenda, especially in pandemic times due to the COVID-19 virus. Nowadays, psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression, have been more discussed and have become even more critical during lockdown. This paper proposes the development process of an innovative product whose active ingredient-ellagic acid, extracted from the chestnut shell-has anxiolytic properties and can be potentially used in consumers' daily lives, preventing this type of illness. The product presented, Do Nut Stress – Acid ellagic enriched pancakes for anxiety control, consists of a pancake powder, considered a healthy and nutritious meal. © 2022, Universidade do Porto - Faculdade de Engenharia. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: COVID-19, a disease caused by the new coronavirus identified in China in December 2019, has been considered a pandemic, and its screening by medical students allows the detection of suspected and positive cases of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Indoor air quality has a critical impact on human and animal health and well-being. Because of the confinement during the Covid-19 health crisis, millions of people were forced to stay at home. Therefore, living environments should incorporate an automated monitoring system to detect unfavorable air quality scenarios. Also, Internet of things (IoT) due to their ability to carry air low-cost sensing units have become a cheap alternative to monitor pollution values in a given area. However, enough still needs to be learned as these types of studies are expected to increase in the future years. In this paper, we have developed an intelligent IoT-fuzzy-based device based on low-cost sensors for indoor air quality monitoring (IoT-fuzzy-based AQM). It used a type-1 fuzzy inference system to improve the measurement accuracy of the low-cost sensors and to estimate the air quality index. Experiment tests are made in an indoor environment (home), where the obtained results have proved the effectiveness of the realized system. © 2021 IEEE.